Gum disease, also known as periodontal disease, is a common oral health issue that can significantly impact your overall well-being. Understanding the causes, symptoms, and stages of gum disease is crucial for early detection and effective treatment. At Teri Brooks Lovelace DDS in Abilene, TX, we are committed to educating our patients about gum disease and providing comprehensive care to maintain optimal oral health. Gum disease is primarily caused by the buildup of plaque and tartar on the teeth and gums. Plaque is a sticky film of bacteria that forms on the teeth, and if not removed through regular brushing and flossing, it can harden into tartar.

Other factors that contribute to gum disease include:

• Poor oral hygiene
• Smoking and tobacco use
• Genetic predisposition
• Certain medications
• Systemic diseases like diabetes
• Hormonal changes, such as those occurring during pregnancy

Stages of Gum Disease

Gum disease progresses through two main stages: gingivitis and periodontitis.

Gingivitis

Gingivitis is the early stage of gum disease and is characterized by inflammation of the gums. Symptoms of gingivitis include:

• Red, swollen, or tender gums
• Bleeding gums, especially during brushing or flossing
• Bad breath or a persistent bad taste in the mouth

Gingivitis is reversible with proper oral hygiene and professional gingivitis treatment. Regular dental cleanings and improved brushing and flossing habits can help eliminate the bacteria causing the inflammation.

Periodontitis

If left untreated, gingivitis can progress to periodontitis, a more advanced stage of gum disease. Periodontitis affects the supporting structures of the teeth, including the gums, bone, and connective tissue. Symptoms of periodontitis include:

• Receding gums, exposing the roots of the teeth
• Pockets forming between the teeth and gums
• Loose or shifting teeth
• Changes in bite alignment
• Persistent bad breath

Periodontitis requires more intensive treatment, such as scaling and root planing, LANAP (Laser-Assisted New Attachment Procedure), or even surgical procedures like soft tissue grafts and crown lengthening. In severe cases, dental implants or denture implants may be necessary to replace lost teeth.

Recognizing the Symptoms of Gum Disease

Early detection of gum disease is crucial for effective treatment. If you notice any of the following symptoms, it's important to schedule an appointment with your dentist:

• Bleeding gums during brushing or flossing
• Red, swollen, or tender gums
• Persistent bad breath or a bad taste in the mouth
• Receding gums or teeth that appear longer
• Loose or shifting teeth
• Changes in bite alignment

Understanding the causes and symptoms of gum disease is the first step in maintaining optimal oral health. At Teri Brooks Lovelace DDS in Abilene, TX, we offer comprehensive periodontal care, including gingivitis treatment, LANAP, dental gum grafts, and more. Don't let gum disease compromise your smile and overall health. Contact us today to schedule a consultation and take control of your oral health.